Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious infection caused by a virus. It occurs in certain rural parts of Asia.
Encephalitis means swelling of the brain. JE spreads through the bite of infected mosquitoes. It cannot spread directly from one person to another. It is recommended for certain travelers.
In Asia it is estimated that JE causes between 10,000 and 15,000 deaths per year.
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Though the infection rate is rare vaccination is recommended for travel in rural areas to countries listed below. Two doses should be given with 28 days apart. For more detailed information see CDC's official web site at
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/jencephalitis/index.htm.
Countries with a risk of Japanese Encephalitis (non urban areas)
| Country | Transmission Season |
| Australia | Dec - May (risk only in outer islands of Torres Strait) |
| Bangladesh | Unknown; most cases May - Oct. |
| Bhutan | Unknown |
| Brunei | Unknown; presumed all year |
| Cambodia | All year, peak May - Oct |
| China | Most cases April - Oct; highest rate in Southwest and south central provinces. |
| India | Most cases May - Oct. (may be all year in the south) |
| Indonesia | All year |
| Japan | Most cases May - Oct |
| Korea, South | May - Oct. |
| Laos | Presumed May - Oct |
| Malaysia | All year |
| Myanmar | Unknown; most cases May - Oct |
| Nepal | Most cases May - Nov (no risk in high altitude areas) |
| Pakistan | May - Oct |
| Papau New Guinea | Unknown |
| Philippines | Unknown; probably all year |
| Russia | Most cases July - Sept |
| Singapore | All year (rare cases reported) |
| Sri Lanka | All year (peaks based on monsoon rains) |
| Taiwan | Most cases May - Oct |
| Thailand | All year; peaks May - Oct esp. in north |
| Timor-Leste | Unknown |
| Vietnam | All year; peaks May - Oct. esp in north |
| Western Pacific Islands | Unknown; most cases Oct - Mar |